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Reduction of hexavalent chromium with scrap iron in a fixed bed reactor

Yin WANG, Xuejiang WANG, Xin WANG, Mian LIU, Siqing XIA, Daqiang YIN, Yalei ZHANG, Jianfu ZHAO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第6期   页码 761-769 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0413-z

摘要： The reduction of hexavalent chromium by scrap iron was investigated in continuous long-term fixed bed system. The effects of pH, empty bed contact time (EBCT), and initial Cr(VI) concentration on Cr(VI) reduction were studied. The results showed that the pH, EBCT, and initial Cr(VI) concentration significantly affected the reduction capacity of scrap iron. The reduction capacity of scrap iron were 4.56, 1.51, and 0.57 mg Cr(VI)·g Fe at pH 3, 5, and 7 (initial Cr(VI) concentration 4 mg·L , EBCT 2 min, and temperature 25°C), 0.51, 1.51, and 2.85 mg Cr(VI)·g Fe at EBCTs of 0.5, 2.0, and 6.0 min (initial Cr(VI) concentration 4 mg·L , pH 5, and temperature 25°C), and 2.99, 1.51, and 1.01 mg Cr(VI)·g Fe at influent concentrations of 1, 4, and 8 mg·L (EBCT 2 min, pH 5, and temperature 25°C), respectively. Fe(total) concentration in the column effluent continuously decreased in time, due to a decrease in time of the iron corrosion rate. The fixed bed reactor can be readily used for the treatment of drinking water containing low amounts of Cr(VI) ions, although the hardness and humic acid in water may shorten the lifetime of the reactor, the reduction capacity of scrap iron still achieved 1.98 mg Cr ·g Fe. Scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersion spectrometer and X-ray diffraction were conducted to examine the surface species of the scrap iron before and after its use. In addition to iron oxides and hydroxide species, iron-chromium complex was also observed on the reacted scrap iron.

关键词： hexavalent chromium     scrap iron     reduction capacity     drinking water    

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Scrap Iron Filings assisted nitrate and phosphate removal in low C/N waters using mixed microbial culture

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1358-2

摘要：

• Microbes enhance denitrification under varying DO concentrations and SIF dosages.

关键词： Scrap iron filing     Nitrate removal     Phosphate removal     Mixed culture denitrification     Zero valent iron    

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An Integrated Analysis on the Synergistic Reduction of Carbon and Pollution Emissions from China’s Iron

Quanyin Tan,Fei Liu,Jinhui Li,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.09.018

摘要： Decarbonization and decontamination of the iron and steel industry (ISI), which contributes up to 15% to anthropogenic CO2 emissions (or carbon emissions) and significant proportions of air and water pollutant emissions in China, are challenged by the huge demand for steel. Carbon and pollutants often share common emission sources, indicating that emission reduction could be achieved synergistically. Here, we explored the inherent potential of measures to adjust feedstock composition and technological structure and to control the size of the ISI to achieve carbon emission reduction (CER) and pollution emission reduction (PER). We investigated five typical pollutants in this study, namely, petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants and chemical oxygen demand in wastewater, particulate matter, SO2, and NOx in off gases, and examined synergies between CER and PER by employing cross elasticity for the period between 2022 and 2035. The results suggest that a reduction of 8.7%–11.7% in carbon emissions and 20%–31% in pollution emissions (except for particulate matter emissions) could be achieved by 2025 under a high steel scrap ratio (SSR) scenario. Here, the SSR and electric arc furnace (EAF) ratio serve critical roles in enhancing synergies between CER and PER (which vary with the type of pollutant). However, subject to a limited volume of steel scrap, a focused increase in the EAF ratio with neglection of the available supply of steel scrap to EAF facilities would lead to an increase carbon and pollution emissions. Although CER can be achieved through SSR and EAF ratio optimization, only when the crude steel production growth rate remains below 2.2% can these optimization measures maintain the emissions in 2030 at a similar level to that in 2021. Therefore, the synergistic effects between PER and CER should be considered when formulating a development route for the ISI in the future.

关键词： Iron and steel industry     Carbon and pollution emissions     Synergistic reduction     Technological structure     Steel scrap     Cross-elasticity    

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我国黑色金属资源发展形势研判

“黑色金属矿产资源强国战略研究”专题组

《中国工程科学》 2019年 第21卷 第1期   页码 97-103 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.01.014

摘要：

作为供给侧结构性改革的先行者，中国钢铁行业积极化解过剩产能，彻底取缔“地条钢”，2016—2017年化解钢铁产能超过1.2×108t，清除“地条钢”等违法产能1.4×108t。当前，全球钢铁工业处于产能过剩周期，中国钢铁消费由持续增长向“峰值平台区”转变，单位GDP粗钢消费强度回落，单位投资粗钢消费强度下降，预计到2025年国内粗钢消费需求量为6×108~6.5×108t，产量为6.5×108~7.0×108t，到2030年，国内粗钢消费需求量为5.3×108~6.0×108t，产量为5.9×108~6.5×108 t。与此同时，我国废钢资源供给量将快速增加，未 来充足的废钢资源将是我国钢铁工业强有力的支撑，铁素资源构成也将发生重大变化，国际铁矿石资源的需求量将逐步下降，同时对于推动生态文明建设和绿色发展具有重要作用。

关键词： 钢铁     废钢     铁矿石     峰值平台区    

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论中国电缆工业的废杂铜直接再生制杆和以铝节铜

黄崇祺

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第5期   页码 10-18

摘要：

当前我国电缆工业“废杂铜的直接再生制杆”和“以铝节铜”已成为关注的“热点”。整个行业铜线的质量在下降，致使线缆产品的合格率大幅下降。铜包铝线和铜包钢线的用量正在逐步攀升，但“以铝节铜”的产品方向和在技术经济上的可行性在某些领域供、需双方还未取得共识和可行的结论。文章就废杂铜直接再生制杆、以铝节铜的现状、问题和建议进行论述，以期这两大热点向良性循环的方向发展。

关键词： 废杂铜     再生     铝     电缆工业    

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randomized, controlled, open label non-inferiority trial of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus ironsucrose in patients with iron deficiency anemia in China

《医学前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1001-2

摘要： Iron deficiency (ID) and ID anemia (IDA) pose significant public health concerns in China. Although iron sucrose (IS) treatment is well-established in the country, ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) offers the advantage of higher doses and fewer infusions. This open label, randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial was conducted at multiple sites in China to compare the outcomes of FCM (maximum of 2 doses, 500 or 1000 mg iron) and IS (up to 11 infusions, 200 mg iron) treatments in subjects with IDA. The primary endpoint was the achievement of hemoglobin (Hb) response (an increase of ≥2 g/dL from baseline) within 8 weeks, whereas secondary endpoints included changes in Hb, transferrin saturation, and serum ferritin levels. Among the 371 randomized subjects, a similar percentage of subjects treated with FCM and IS achieved Hb-response (FCM 99.4%, IS 98.3%), thereby confirming the non-inferiority of FCM compared with IS (difference 1.12 (−2.15, 4.71; 95% confidence interval (CI))). Furthermore, a significantly higher proportion of FCM-treated subjects achieved early Hb-response at Week 2 (FCM 85.2%, IS 73.2%; difference 12.1 (3.31, 20.65; 95% CI)). Additionally, the increase in TSAT and serum ferritin levels from baseline was significantly greater at all time points for FCM-treated subjects. The safety profiles of FCM and IS were comparable, with the exception of transient hypophosphatemia and pyrexia, which are consistent with FCM’s known safety profile. In conclusion, FCM proves to be an efficacious treatment for IDA, providing faster Hb-response and correction of ID with fewer administrations than IS.

关键词： iron deficiency     anemia     intravenous iron     ferric carboxymaltose     iron sucrose     Hb response     early response    

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Synergistic effects of sodium hypochlorite disinfection and iron-oxidizing bacteria on early corrosionin cast iron pipes

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1506-3

摘要：

• The early corrosion process in the cast iron pipes was investigated.

关键词： Cast iron pipe corrosion     Drinking water distribution systems     Chlorine disinfection     Iron-oxidizing bacteria     Coupling effects    

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Performance of iron-air battery with iron nanoparticle-encapsulated C–N composite electrode

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0913-5

摘要： Highly efficient and stable iron electrodes are of great significant to the development of iron-air battery (IAB). In this paper, iron nanoparticle-encapsulated C–N composite (NanoFe@CN) was synthesized by pyrolysis using polyaniline as the C–N source. Electrochemical performance of the NanoFe@CN in different electrolytes (alkaline, neutral, and quasi-neutral) was investigated via cyclic voltammetry (CV). The IAB was assembled with NanoFe@CN as the anode and IrO2 + Pt/C as the cathode. The effects of different discharging/charging current densities and electrolytes on the battery performance were also studied. Neutral K2SO4 electrolyte can effectively suppress the passivation of iron electrode, and the battery showed a good cycling stability during 180 charging/discharging cycles. Compared to the pure nano-iron (NanoFe) battery, the NanoFe@CN battery has a more stable cycling stability either in KOH or NH4Cl + KCl electrolyte.

关键词： energy storage and conversion     metallic composites     nanocomposites     iron-air battery     iron anode    

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Redox reactions of iron and manganese oxides in complex systems

Jianzhi Huang, Huichun Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1255-8

摘要： • Mechanisms of redox reactions of Fe- and Mn-oxides were discussed. • Oxidative reactions of Mn- and Fe-oxides in complex systems were reviewed. • Reductive reaction of Fe(II)/iron oxides in complex systems was examined. • Future research on examining the redox reactivity in complex systems was suggested. Conspectus Redox reactions of Fe- and Mn-oxides play important roles in the fate and transformation of many contaminants in natural environments. Due to experimental and analytical challenges associated with complex environments, there has been a limited understanding of the reaction kinetics and mechanisms in actual environmental systems, and most of the studies so far have only focused on simple model systems. To bridge the gap between simple model systems and complex environmental systems, it is necessary to increase the complexity of model systems and examine both the involved interaction mechanisms and how the interactions affected contaminant transformation. In this Account, we primarily focused on (1) the oxidative reactivity of Mn- and Fe-oxides and (2) the reductive reactivity of Fe(II)/iron oxides in complex model systems toward contaminant degradation. The effects of common metal ions such as Mn2+ , Ca2+, Ni2+, Cr3+ and Cu2+, ligands such as small anionic ligands and natural organic matter (NOM), and second metal oxides such as Al, Si and Ti oxides on the redox reactivity of the systems are briefly summarized.

关键词： Iron oxides     manganese oxides     reduction     oxidation     complex systems     reaction kinetics and mechanisms    

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Mechanical properties of vanadium-alloyed austempered ductile iron for crankshaft applications

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第18卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0746-2

摘要： This study focused on the development of austempered ductile iron (ADI) with desirable combination of mechanical properties for crankshaft applications by the combined effect of vanadium (V) alloying and an optimized heat treatment process. The produced unalloyed GGG60, 0.15% V-alloyed GGG60 (V-15), and 0.30% V-alloyed GGG60 samples were subjected to austenitizing at 900 °C for 1 h and subsequent austempering processes at 250, 300, and 350 °C for 15, 30, 60, 90, and 180 min. As a result of these austempering processes, different bainitic structures were obtained, which led to the formation of diverse combinations of mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of the austempered samples were tested comprehensively, and the results were correlated with their microstructures and the stability of the retained austenite phases. From the microstructural observations, the V-alloyed samples exhibited a finer microstructure and a more acicular ferrite phase than unalloyed samples. The V addition delayed the coarsening of the acicular ferrite structures and considerably contributed to the improvement of the mechanical properties of GGG60. Moreover, the X-ray diffraction results revealed that the retained austenite volume and the carbon enrichment of austenite phases in ADI samples were remarkably affected by the addition of vanadium. The increase in volume fraction of retained austenite and its carbon content provided favorable ductility and toughness to V-15, as confirmed by the elongation and impact test results. Consequently, the dual-phase ausferrite microstructure of V-15 that was austempered at 300 °C for 60 min exhibited high strength with substantial ductility and toughness for crankshaft applications.

关键词： austempered ductile iron (ADI)     vanadium alloying     mechanical properties     crankshafts     retained austenite    

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Highly selective and green recovery of lithium ions from lithium iron phosphate powders with ozone

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第6期   页码 749-758 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2261-0

摘要： Since lithium iron phosphate cathode material does not contain high-value metals other than lithium, it is therefore necessary to strike a balance between recovery efficiency and economic benefits in the recycling of waste lithium iron phosphate cathode materials. Here, we describe a selective recovery process that can achieve economically efficient recovery and an acceptable lithium leaching yield. Adjusting the acid concentration and amount of oxidant enables selective recovery of lithium ions. Iron is retained in the leaching residue as iron phosphate, which is easy to recycle. The effects of factors such as acid concentration, acid dosage, amount of oxidant, and reaction temperature on the leaching of lithium and iron are comprehensively explored, and the mechanism of selective leaching is clarified. This process greatly reduces the cost of processing equipment and chemicals. This increases the potential industrial use of this process and enables the green and efficient recycling of waste lithium iron phosphate cathode materials in the future.

关键词： lithium iron phosphate powder     stoichiometric number     selective leaching     lithium recovery    

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Synthesis of iron(II) complexes with asymmetric N

Wolfgang Bauer, Tanja Ossiander, Birgit Weber

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 400-408 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1753-4

摘要：

The synthesis of new Schiff base-like ligands with asymmetric substituents pattern and their iron complexes with pyridine as axial ligand is described. Two of the ligands and one of the iron(II) complexes were characterized by single crystal X-ray structure analysis. One of the the iron(II) complexes shows spin crossover behavior while the others remain in the high spin state. The influence of the reduced symmetry of the ligand on the properties of the complexes is discussed.

关键词： iron     Schiff base-like ligands     magnetism     spin crossover     X-ray structures    

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Methanol to propylene: the effect of iridium and iron incorporation on the HZSM-5 catalyst

Alireza MOHAMMADREZAEI, Sadegh PAPARI, Mousa ASADI, Abas NADERIFAR, Reza GOLHOSSEINI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 253-258 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-0902-4

摘要： The effect of iridium and iron impregnation of HZSM-5 zeolite on the methanol to propylene reaction (MTP) was investigated. The selectivities of propylene and other hydrocarbons, and the conversion of methanol were compared by performing MTP in a small pilot plant. The results indicate that HZSM-5 zeolite modified by iron and iridium increased propylene selectivity by 6.3% and 8%, respectively. The selectivity of propylene was higher for Ir/H-ZSM-5 than for Fe/H-ZSM-5, where Fe/H-ZSM-5 was more stable than Ir/H-ZSM-5. Analytic techniques, including X-ray diffraction, BET surface area, temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, were used to characterize the modified zeolites as well as the parent zeolites.

关键词： HZSM-5     promoter     iridium     iron     MTP    

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Continuous dynamic monitoring of a centenary iron bridge for structural modification assessment

Carmelo GENTILE,Antonella SAISI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 26-41 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0284-4

摘要： A multi-channel continuous dynamic monitoring system has been installed in a centenary iron arch bridge on late November 2011. The historic infrastructure, completed in 1889 and crossing the Adda river about 50 km far from Milan, is the most important monument of XIX century iron architecture in Italy and is still used as roadway and railway bridge. The monitoring project follows a series of preliminary ambient vibration tests carried out on the bridge since June 2009. The paper describes the bridge structure and its dynamic characteristics identified from the experimental studies developed since 2009, the installed monitoring system and the software developed in LabVIEW for automatically processing the collected data. Subsequently, the tracking of automatically identified natural frequencies over a period of about 18 months is presented and discussed, highlighting the effects of environmental and operational conditions on the bridge dynamic characteristics as well as the detection of structural changes, mainly based on natural frequencies shifts.

关键词： automated modal identification     continuous dynamic monitoring     environmental/operational effects     iron arch bridge     structural health monitoring    

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Comparison of different valent iron on anaerobic sludge digestion: Focusing on oxidation reduction potential

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1514-3

摘要：

• ORP value from −278.71 to −379.80 mV showed indiscernible effects on methane yield.

关键词： Enhanced anaerobic sludge digestion     Different iron valence     Oxidation reduction potential     Dissolved organic nitrogen     Microbial community    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Reduction of hexavalent chromium with scrap iron in a fixed bed reactor

Yin WANG, Xuejiang WANG, Xin WANG, Mian LIU, Siqing XIA, Daqiang YIN, Yalei ZHANG, Jianfu ZHAO

期刊论文

Scrap Iron Filings assisted nitrate and phosphate removal in low C/N waters using mixed microbial culture

期刊论文

An Integrated Analysis on the Synergistic Reduction of Carbon and Pollution Emissions from China’s Iron

Quanyin Tan,Fei Liu,Jinhui Li,

期刊论文

我国黑色金属资源发展形势研判

“黑色金属矿产资源强国战略研究”专题组

期刊论文

论中国电缆工业的废杂铜直接再生制杆和以铝节铜

黄崇祺

期刊论文

randomized, controlled, open label non-inferiority trial of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus ironsucrose in patients with iron deficiency anemia in China

期刊论文

Synergistic effects of sodium hypochlorite disinfection and iron-oxidizing bacteria on early corrosionin cast iron pipes

期刊论文

Performance of iron-air battery with iron nanoparticle-encapsulated C–N composite electrode

期刊论文

Redox reactions of iron and manganese oxides in complex systems

Jianzhi Huang, Huichun Zhang

期刊论文

Mechanical properties of vanadium-alloyed austempered ductile iron for crankshaft applications

期刊论文

Highly selective and green recovery of lithium ions from lithium iron phosphate powders with ozone

期刊论文

Synthesis of iron(II) complexes with asymmetric N

Wolfgang Bauer, Tanja Ossiander, Birgit Weber

期刊论文

Methanol to propylene: the effect of iridium and iron incorporation on the HZSM-5 catalyst

Alireza MOHAMMADREZAEI, Sadegh PAPARI, Mousa ASADI, Abas NADERIFAR, Reza GOLHOSSEINI

期刊论文

Continuous dynamic monitoring of a centenary iron bridge for structural modification assessment

Carmelo GENTILE,Antonella SAISI

期刊论文

Comparison of different valent iron on anaerobic sludge digestion: Focusing on oxidation reduction potential

期刊论文